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Journal of Learning Disabilities
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Estimated Prevalence of Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Among College Freshmen

Gender, Race, and Rater Effects

Dong Hun Lee

Pusan National University, South Korea, dhlawrence05{at}gmail.com

Thomas Oakland

University of Florida, Gainesville

Gina Jackson

University of Florida, Gainesville

Joseph Glutting

University of Delaware, Newark

Group differences and prevalence rates for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a matched sample of college freshmen (n = 956) and their parents (n = 956) were investigated for gender and race (African American and Caucasian) effects using current self-report and retrospective parent-report ratings. On self-report, compared to female students, male students displayed higher mean scores on subscales and lower rates for reporting symptom totals beyond DSM—IV thresholds for the three subtypes of ADHD. Mean differences in ADHD symptoms were not apparent for race. However, African American students displayed higher rates for reporting symptom totals beyond DSM—IV thresholds for all subtypes. On retrospective parent report, male students and Caucasian students displayed higher mean scores on all scales and higher rates for reporting symptom totals beyond DSM—IV thresholds for all subtypes. Prevalence rates varied by gender and race on self-report and parent report. Prevalence was examined based on combined data of self-report and parent report and using age-adjusted cutoff criteria. Findings and implications are discussed.

Key Words: ADHD symptoms • college freshmen • gender • race • and rater effects • prevalence estimates

Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 41, No. 4, 371-384 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0022219407311748
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College Students With ADHD: Current Status and Future Directions
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[Abstract] [PDF]