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Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 35, No. 5, 449-462 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/00222194020350050501

Information Processing Deficits in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Inattentive Type, and Children with Reading Disability

Michael David Weiler, PhD

Learning Disabilities Research Center, Children's Hospital, Boston,Weiler_m{at}tch.harvard.edu

Jane Holmes Bernstein, PhD

Neuropsychology Program, Children's Hospital, Boston, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School

David Bellinger, PhD, MSc

Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School

Deborah P. Waber, PhD

Learning Disabilities Research Center at Children's Hospital, Boston, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School

We examined the information processing capabilities of children diagnosed with the inattentive subtype of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who had been characterized as having a sluggish cognitive tempo. Children referred for school-related problems (n = 81) and nonreferred community controls (n = 149) participated. Of the referred children, 24 met criteria for ADHD, 42 met criteria for reading disability (RD), and 9 of these were comorbid for RD and ADHD. Children with ADHD differed from those without ADHD on a visual search task but not on an auditory processing task; the reverse was true for children with RD. Decomposition of the visual search task into component operations demonstrated that children in the ADHD group had a slow processing rate that was not attributable to inattention. The children with ADHD were not globally poor at information processing or inattentive, but they demonstrated diminished speed of visual processing.


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