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Self-Report of ADHD Symptoms in University StudentsCross-Gender and Cross-National Prevalence
George J. DuPaul
Lehigh University
Elizabeth A. Schaughency
Grand Valley State University
Lisa L. Weyandt
Central Washington University
Gail Tripp
ADHD, University of Otago
Jeff Kiesner
Universita di Padova
Kenji Ota
Lehigh University
Heidy Stanish
Grand Valley State University
Little research has examined the structure and prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in university students, including whether symptom structure conforms to the bidimensional (i.e., inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity) conceptualization of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSMV-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) and whether self-reported symptoms vary across gender and country. A sample of 1,209 university students from three countries (Italy, New Zealand, and the United States) completed a 24-item self-report measure (the Young Adult Rating Scale) tapping ADHD symptomatology. Factor analyses within the U.S. and New Zealand samples supported a bidimensional symptom structure, whereas weaker support for this conceptualization was provided by the Italian sample. Participants did not vary significantly by gender in symptom report; however, Italian students reported significantly more inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms than students from the United States, and students from New Zealand reported more inattention symptoms than students from the United States. The prevalence of self-reported ADHD symptoms beyond DSM-IV thresholds for diagnosis ranged from 0% (Italian women) to 8.1% (New Zealand men). The implications of these results for the use of DSM-IV criteria in identifying university students with ADHD are discussed.
Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 34, No. 4,
370-379 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/002221940103400412
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