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Speed of Information Processing in Children Referred for Learning Problems

Performance on a Visual Filtering Test

Learning Disabilities Research Center, Children's Hospital, Boston,, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School

Naomi S. Harris

Neuropsychology Program and the Learning Disabilities Research Center at Children's Hospital, Boston

David J. Marcus

University of Minnesota

David Bellinger

Harvard Medical School and a research associate in neurology at Children's Hospital, Boston

Stephen M. Kosslyn

Harvard University, Massachusetts General Hospital

Deborah P. Waber

Learning Disabilities Research Center at Children's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School

Children referred for evaluation of learning impairment (LI, N =100) and a comparison group of nonreferred (NLI, N = 243) children were evaluated on a visual filtering task. The task was designed hierarchically to provide for evaluation of component operations—serial search, parallel search, decision, and response. With each additional processing demand, response times increased disproportionately for the LI group relative to the NLI group. Overall response time reliably predicted academic skills and cognitive ability, but was more strongly related to group membership. Thus, this nonverbal visual task is sensitive to a characteristic of children with learning problems over and above discrete academic and cognitive skills. Children with problems adapting to the demands of schooling may be distinguished by a disproportionate vulnerability to processing load.

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