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Journal of Learning Disabilities
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Stability of Arithmetic Disability Subtypes

Cheryl H. Silver

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

H. Deborah-Lynne Pennett

Irving Independent School District at Irving, Texas

Jeffrey L. Black

Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children

George W. Fair

University of Texas at Dallas

Raymond R. Balise

Leland Stanford Junior University

Cross-sectional research has identified subtypes of children with learning disabilities who may have distinctive cognitive ability patterns. This study examined the stability over 19 months of academic subtyping classifications for 80 children ages 9 to 13 representing four subtypes of arithmetic disabilities (AD), using three criteria for learning disability identification. Approximately half of the sample retained AD regardless of identification method. Children with pervasive deficits in arithmetic, reading, and spelling displayed the greatest subtype stability. Only one third of the children with the other subtypes, including those with isolated arithmetic deficits, retained their original subtypes. Thus, drawing conclusions and making recommendations based on academic subtyping at a single point in time may be unwise.

Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 32, No. 2, 108-119 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/002221949903200202
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