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Teaching Low Achievers and Students with Learning Disabilities to Plan, Write, and Revise Opinion Essays

Bernice Y. L. Wong is a professor in education at Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC. Her current research interests center on the connection between reading and writing processes and designing interventions to promote those connections.

Deborah L. Butler

Deborah L. Butler is an assistant professor in the Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver.

Sheryl A. Ficzere

Sheryl A. Ficzere is a graduate student in the Faculty of Education at Simon Fraser University. She plans to do her MA thesis research on math problems experienced by students with learning disabilities.

Sonia Kuperis

Sonia Kuperis, MA, is head of the English Department at Charles Best Junior Secondary School, Coquitlam, BC. Address: Bernice Wong, Faculty of Education, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6.

A total of 38 problem learners comprising adolescents with learning disabilities and low achievers participated in this study. Of these, 20 were untrained control participants; the remainder were trained to plan, write, and revise opinion essays. Trainees were randomly divided into pairs and taught to collaboratively use interactive dialogues to plan and revise their essays (but they wrote their essays separately). The results from multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs) and effect sizes indicated that trainees improved significantly from pretest to posttest in clarity and cogency of written opinion essays, and maintained such gains. Additional analyses indicated that they surpassed the untrained control group. Questionnaire data indicated trainees improved in self-efficacy of writing only. The same finding held true in comparison with untrained participants. The discussion integrates the trainees' performance data with the questionnaire data and considers the research implications and limitations of the study.

Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 29, No. 2, 197-212 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/002221949602900209


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