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Journal of Learning Disabilities
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Mental Flexibility and Planning Skills in Children and Adolescents with Learning Disabilities

Jeffrey H. Snow

Jeffrey H. Snow received his PhD from the University of Georgia in 1983. He is currently a neuropsychologist and director of psychological services at the New Medico Rehabilitation Center at Timber Ridge Ranch. His current research focuses on cognitive/neuropsychological skills with different clinical populations. Address: Jeffrey H. Snow, New Medico, Timber Ridge Ranch, PO Box 90, Benton, AR 72015.

Mental flexibility (skill with shifting response set) and visual planning skills were examined with a group of 60 children and adolescents with learning disabilities. The sample consisted of 44 boys and 16 girls with an age range of 9 to 15. Scores from the Trail Making Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were cluster-analyzed and subgroups were formulated. The results of the cluster analysis indicated a two-group solution to be most appropriate. One subtype was clearly dysfunctional on the classifying variables, while the other subgroup approached average levels. The two subtypes were compared on measures of intellectual functions, academic skills, auditory memory, visual memory, visual-motor integration, motor speed, and tactile integration. Significance was found on several different tests. The results are discussed in terms of potential cortical dysfunction evidenced by the subgroups.

Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 25, No. 4, 265-270 (1992)
DOI: 10.1177/002221949202500408
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S. Field
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J Learn Disabil, January 1, 1996; 29(1): 40 - 52.
[Abstract] [PDF]