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Fetal Drug Exposure and Its Possible Implications for Learning in the Preschool and School-Age Population

Don C. Van Dyke received his MD from the M.S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University; pediatric residency training at the Geisinger Medical Center; and fellowship(s) training in Clinical Genetics and Child Development/Rehabilitation at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania. He is an assistant professor in the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental Disabilities, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Address: Don C. Van Dyke, 213 University Hospital School, The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242.

Alison A. Fox

Alison A. Fox received her MS from the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. She was on the diagnostic staff of the Marianne Frostig Center for Educational Therapy, Pasadena, California.

For the past 5 years there has been an exponential increase in the use of cocaine, phenylcyclidine hydrochloride (PCP), and other central nervous system (CNS) active drugs. A significant amount of this accelerated usage is in sexually active females, resulting in some urban hospitals reporting positive drug screens in over 16% of the infants born on their busy obstetrical service. There is a growing body of data showing that fetal exposure to cocaine, phenylcyclidine hydrochloride (PCP), and other CNS-active drugs results in infants and children with abnormal brain wave patterns, short-term neurologic signs, depression of interactive behavior, and poor organizational responses to environmental stimuli. Whether such neurologic findings will translate into a significant number of children with learning and behavioral problems needs to be the focus of long-term longitudinal studies of children with fetal drug exposure to cocaine, PCP, and other CNS-active drugs.

Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 23, No. 3, 160-163 (1990)
DOI: 10.1177/002221949002300305


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				M. D. Shriver and W. Piersel The Long-Term Effects of Intrauterine Drug Exposure: Review of Recent Research and Implications for Early Childhood Special Education Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, January 1, 1994; 14(2): 161 - 183. [Abstract] [PDF]